ASME B16-49-2012 pdf free

ASME B16-49-2012 pdf free.Factory-Made,Wrought Steel,Buttwelding Induction Bends for Transportation and Distribution Systems.
ASME B16-49 covers design, material, manufacturing, testing, marking, and inspection requirements for factory-made pipeline bends of carbon steel materials having controlled chemistry and mechanical properties, produced by the induction bending process, with or without tangents. This Standard covers induction bends for transportation and distribution piping applications (e.g., ASME B31.4 and 831.8). Process and power piping have differing requirements and materials that may not be appropriate for the restrictions and examinations described herein and, therefore, are not included in this Standard.
1.2 Manufacturing Process
This process utilizes induction heating to heat a narrow band 360 deg around a pipe or cylinder at the point of bending as the pipe or cylinder is being pushed through the inductor coil at a constant velocity. After the material passes through the coil, it may be cooled by forced air or water spray, or it may be allowed to cool in still air. Bends in any producible wall thickness and diameter are covered. Induction bends covered by this Standard may be produced from seamless pipe, welded pipe, or cylinders.
1.3 Fabricated Bends
Larger angle bends obtained by girth welding two or more smaller angle bends together are considered pipe fabrications and as such, are not within the scope of this Standard.
1.4 Standard Units
The values stated in either metric units or U.S. Customary units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, Customary values are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from two systems may result in nonconformance with the Standard,
1.5 References
Standards and specifications adopted by reference in this Standard arc shown in Mandatory Appendix I. It is not practical to identify the specific edition of each standard and specification in the individual references. Instead, the specific edition reference is identified in Mandatory Appendix I. A product made in conformance with a prior edition of reference standards and in all other respects conforming to this Standard will be considered to be in compliance.
1.6 Codes and Regulations
A bend used under the jurisdiction of a referencing code or governmental regulation is suhect to any limitation of that code or regulation. This includes any maximum temperature limitation or rule governing the use of a material at low temperature.
1.7 Service Conditions
Criteria for selection of bend material for a particular fluid service are not within the ope of this Standard.
1.8 Convention
For determining conformance with this Standard, the convention for fixing significant digits where limits, maximum and minimum values, are specified shall be as defined in ASTM Practice £29. This requires that an obsenred or calculated value be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used for expressing the limit. Decimal values and tolerance do not imply a particular method of measurement.
1.9 Quality Systems
Requirements relating to the manufacturers’ quality system programs are described in Nonmandatory Appendix A.
1.10 Glossary
beud quuIfication procedure: a document that specifies the properties of the starting pipe; the equipment to be used; the bending parameters; the qualification bend test results; and the postbend, heat-treat equipment and cycle used for the manufacture of the bends. If nondestructive testing of the bend is required, procedures that have not been approved previously shall be submitted.
cylinder: a joint of pipe produced by a rolling and welding plate, as opposed to a joint of pipe produced in accordance with a recognized specification.ASME B16-49 pdf download.